vic , my bird's have never had the old sam & ella and with a bit of luck i will try to keep it that way , i know preventive is a bad word in this day & age in regard to med's , but i have found this a necessary evil , i use FURALTADONE 98% PURE at 1gm-1gallon water for 10 day's , the water is boiled and left to cool , to this i add rondisole 10% at 5gm-1ltr , yes a double bumper , 1 to supress verious strain's of para , e, coli , the other for canker & the hanger's on that feed of it , this treatment is given 1 month before pair up and after last race for young & old , no other med's are given in between , unless the microscope indicates that a treatment for some ailment is required , the only stuff added to water is iodine or acv , multi-vits , i have vaccine for paratypoid , but have never had cause to use it ,