SALMONELOSIS Or PARATIFOSIS

[snowy]

You've double-posted Sean.  

 

Not sure if you're asking for advice on treatment or prevention.  :-/

 

 

 

Prevention : Understand colombovac do 'paratyphus vaccine'. Not seen it advertised in UK pigeon press, maybe try their website for a supplier?

 

bruno,

do you use one?

 

[JAS]

Sean we use Parastop for three years and its  good stuff. We also use B.S. for canker, cocci.  

 

                               JAS.

[Tony C]

sbelbin,

Regucol, whats the dosage ?

[Guest]

 

bruno,

do you use one?

 

 

Missed your original post, Snowy.  

 

No, don't use a paratyphoid vaccine.

 

My main 'preventative' is good basic hygiene: loft is both wild bird- and rodent-proof; use virkon spay to clean hoppers, pots etc; and have a deep litter which is two disinfectants, stalosan & lime. The rest is really up to the bird.

 

 

[Mike Lycett]

www.chevita.com will tell ypou what you wanna know about paratyphoid

 

Mike

[Guest]

Regucol dosage, 1 and half teaspoons to a 4 pint drinker. Mix in a jar of cold water and mix until it looks well mixed and add to water.

[jimmy white]

one thing that will help prevent it,,,is make sure your loft is free from vermin

[jimmy white]

paratyphoid , salmonella, and pratyphoid all the same, posts further up the posts on health     ,,,,,not to be confused with paramyxo,as the symtoms can be alike

[Guest CS]

Information, for everyone to read.......

[Guest Silverwings]

nifuramycin ( rohnfried ) anyone used this one ?

[jimmy white]

worth a read at graig speights post further down

[Guest CS]

worth a read at graig speights post further down

 

http://www.pigeonbasics.com/forum/blah/m-1137450134/

[Guest CS]

Salmonellosis has one of the highest mortality rates of any infectious bacterial disease of pigeons.

 

Pathogen:

 

Salmonella typhimurium var. copenhagen, designated as the "pigeon type" salmonella strain.

Given the right conditions, the bacterium can remain infective in the environment for 1 year or more.

 

 

Salmonellae are spread by:

 

• 
  

inhalation of dust containing the pathogen

 

• 
  

contaminated feed (insects, mice, rats)

 

• 
  

dirty feed troughs and water bowls

 

• 
  

mating

 

• 
  

transmission from the hen to the egg

 

• 
  

feeding the nestlings with infected crop milk and billing

 

• 
  

chronic carriers: pigeons that appear healthy after surviving salmonella infection,  but shed the pathogen at irregular intervals and thus pose a risk to the current flock and their progeny.

 

 

Clinical signs:

Acute form (mainly affects young pigeons):

 

Enteritis with pulpy, mucoid, greenish droppings; once organs (liver, kidneys, spleen) have become infected, there is growth retardation, emaciation and (in isolated cases) death. Embryos infected with salmonellae frequently die in ovo or during the first few days of life.

 

Chronic form (mainly affects adult pigeons):

 

Inflammation causes a thickening of the joints, especially the elbow joint, wing or leg lameness, disorders of balance and torsion of the neck. Recognition of the disease: Bacteriological examination of faecal and/or organ samples. An antibiogram is performed to determine which medication is suitable for treatment purposes.

 

 

Treatment:

Upon appearance of the symptoms described, treatment with chloramphenicol-N should be started immediately. In some cases it is necessary to change the treatment (e.g. to ampicillin-t) when the results of the bacteriological examination and antibiogram become available.

Treat the entire flock rather than individual birds.

Cull severely affected pigeons before beginning the treatment, since it is unlikely that they can be cured.

To check the outcome of the treatment, carry out bacteriological examinations on faecal samples. These should take place at least 14 days after termination of treatment, and then repeated twice at 3-week intervals

 

Faeces in salmonellosis showing pathological changes:

The few faecal constituents lie in a mucoid/aqueous fluid with white flocculent components.

 

 

 

 

When do members treat and what brand of medication do you use?

 

[john robo]

some members in my club use a vaccine

don't no what its called

[jimmy white]

I THINK ONE OF THE WORST THINGS TO HAVE AT ANY TIME,IN THE LOFT, IT REALLY HAS TO BE DIAGNOSED VERY CAREFULLY AS THE SYMTOMS CAN BE VERY SIMILAR TO ,PARAMYXO,,,,,WORST CAUSE IS MICE  IN THE LOFT,

[Roland]

True

[johnny11]

paratyphoid is becoming more and more common in our feathered friends. More are vaccinating against it now but the treatment is over a 14 day period as all the birds need to be clear of any infection prior to injenction

[Roland]

Can this be cleared, or rather should be cleared.

'chronic carriers: pigeons that appear healthy after surviving salmonella infection,  but shed the pathogen at irregular intervals and thus pose a risk to the current flock and their progeny...'  for it is possible I would assertain that one not showing the effects / or fancier not realising, on a safty first basis....

Of course this is the part when entails the warning of 'Mating' from above I would imagine. Unless there is more to know.

[Guest CS]

Causes and Clinical Signs

 

Salmonellosis is caused by a bacterial infection and a number of different strains of Salmonella are capable of causing disease in pigeons.

 

The disease is particularly severe in young birds and can be introduced into a loft by an apparently healthy carrier bird that can excrete the organism in faeces or saliva but which shows no clinical signs of disease itself.  Young birds can be affected from crop milk or affected faeces.  Salmonellae most commonly affect the intestinal tract.  Affected birds have enteritis which may be blood stained, they are depressed, rapidly become dehydrated and emaciated and death quickly follows if they are not treated.

 

It is possible for Salmonellae to enter the blood stream and a generalised infection will result.  On post mortem examination the organism can be recovered from various body organs.

 

In addition to the two forms of Salmonella recorded above cases are seen where the organism localises in one or more joints.  Affected joints are swollen and painful and movement of the joint is lost due to the pain involved.  If the organism localised in the brain nervous signs will be seen depending upon the area of brain involved.

 

 

 

Diagnosis

 

Laboratory testing is required to confirm a diagnosis of Salmonellosis.  Positive cases must be reported to the Department of the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) under the Zoonosis order.  The disease needs to be differentiated from other causes of diarrhoea (viruses, other bacteria, parasites etc) injury to the joint and other causes of nervous signs including Paramyxo-virus and poisoning.

 

Where dead birds are available for post mortem examination cultures from the birds should determine whether or not the organism is present.   In live birds faecal and mouth swabs may detect the organism but as birds can be intermittent excreters a single negative result does not definitely preclude the presence of Salmonella.

 

 

 

Note:

 

Most strains of Salmonella can cause disease in man.  This can be very serious in the young, old and debilitated.  Strict personal hygiene after handling birds and loft equipment and before eating /smoking is therefore essential.

 

 

 

Prevention.

 

Isolate newly introduced birds and if there is any doubt have faeces and mouth swabs cultured for Salmonella.  

 

Good loft hygiene will reduce spread within the loft and where a loft is known to be affected then an eradication and control programme, which will depend upon conditions in the loft and facilities etc., needs to be agreed with the attending veterinary surgeon.

 

[Guest CS]

 

 

[pault]

HI

DO ANY OF THE MEMBERS TREAT FOR paratyphoid IF SO WHAT DO YOU USE AND WHEN DO YOU TREAT

[Guest j.bamling]

the best thing to treat paratyphoid if you have paratyphoid is Baytril this is one of the only things that crosses the blood - brain barrier ------ Theraprim is good to treat as a preventative  a lot of people treats them with this just before the moult or breeding period ------ i prefer to inject them with a paratyphoid vaccine

[timbarra]

baytril is the bestthing to use. but above that where did your birds get the virus? it can live in gutters and earth for several weeks, so if they been picking around stop them.

[Guest j.bamling]

baytril is the bestthing to use. but above that where did your birds get the virus? it can live in gutters and earth for several weeks, so if they been picking around stop them.

 

nobody has said anything about having the viris !!!

[Guest]

fural is also good against paratyphoid