got potassium permanganate

pigeonscout · March 5, 2007

what damage does it do to the birds internasl organs when they drink it as they must do when in the bath

Does no harm so long as it is not to strong, It is used to purify water in survival kits look on it as a kind of bleach.

March 6, 2007

I do not see why you are using Potassium permanganate to keep lice of the birds lets hope the do not come into contact with sugar or you will have fire balls all over the sky.

it is inflammable when mixed with suger/antifreeze but it will not mix like that if it is wet and it does not ignite by itself they have to be dry and mixed together and ignited. You have been watching too much Ray Mears or reading too much Andy Mcnab.

Just a few cystrals Paul enough to tun the water pink you want the water pink not purple. This stuff is a mild antisepic and can be used for water purification.

Potassium permanganate is the chemical compound KMnO4. In this salt, manganese is in the +7 oxidation state. The salt is also known as "permanganate of potash" and "Condy's crystals". The permanganate ion is a strong oxidizing agent. It dissolves in water to give deep purple solutions, evaporation of which gives prismatic purple-black glistening crystals.[1] It has a sweet taste and is odourless. [2]

Sodium permanganate has essentially the same properties and use as potassium permanganate and can be used as its direct substitute.

Contents [hide]

1 History

2 Uses

2.1 Chemical applications

2.2 As an oxidant in organic synthesis

2.3 Acids and KMnO4

2.4 Biomedical uses

2.5 Miscellaneous uses

3 Hazards

4 References

5 External links

[edit] History

In 1659 a German chemist, J.R. Glauber, fused a mixture of the mineral pyrolusite and potassium carbonate to obtain a material that, when dissolved in water, gave a green solution (potassium manganate) which slowly changed colour to violet (potassium permanganate) and then finally red. This report represents the first description of the production of potassium permanganate.

Just under two hundred years later London chemist Henry Bollmann Condy had an interest in disinfectants, and marketed several products including ozonised water. He found that fusing pyrolusite with NaOH and dissolved it in water produced a solution with disinfectant properties. He patented this solution, and marketed it as Condy's Fluid. Although effective, the solution was not very stable. This was overcome by using KOH rather than NaOH. This was more stable, and had the advantage of easy conversion to the equally effective potassium permanganate crystals. This crystalline material was known as Condy’s crystals or Condy’s powder. Potassium permanganate was comparatively easy to manufacture so Condy was subsequently forced to spend considerable time in litigation in order to stop competitors from marketing products similar to Condy's Fluid or Condy's Crystals.

Early photographers used it as a component of flash powder.

[edit] Uses

[edit] Chemical applications

Potassium permanganate is used as an oxidizing agent in diverse chemical reactions in the laboratory and in industry.[3] It also serves as a disinfectant and in deodorizers. It can be used as a reagent for the synthesis of many different kinds of chemical compounds. In wastewater treatment, it is used to neutralize hydrogen sulfide. In analytical chemistry, a standardized aqueous solution of KMnO4 is sometimes used as an oxidizing titrant for redox titrations due to its deep purple color. In a related way, it is used as a reagent to determine the Kappa number of wood pulp. Mixing potassium permanganate and formaldehyde forms a mild tear gas.

[edit] As an oxidant in organic synthesis

Dilute solutions of KMnO4 convert alkenes into diols (glycols). This behaviour is also used as a qualitative test for the presence of double or triple bonds in a molecule, since the reaction decolorizes the permanganate solution; thus it is sometimes referred to as Baeyer's reagent.

Concentrated solutions oxidize a methyl group on an aromatic ring, e.g. toluene to benzoic acid.

KMnO4 oxidizes pseudoephedrine hydrochloride to produce methcathinone, a Schedule I drug in the United States. Consequently the DEA has restricted its use and sale by classifying it as a List II controlled precursor. Potassium permanganate is listed as a Table I precursor under the United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances.[1]

KMnO4 is also used in removal of impurities from coca base in the production of cocaine. The purer base results in aesthetically pleasing white crystals. [4]

[edit] Acids and KMnO4

Diluted sulfuric acid reacts with KMnO4 to give Mn2O7, which can be explosive.[5][6][7]. Similarly concentrated hydrochloric acid gives chlorine. The Mn-containing products from redox reactions depend on the pH. Acidic solutions of permanganate are reduced to the faintly pink [Mn(H2O)6]2+. In neutral solution, permanganate is only reduced by 3e- to give MnO2, wherein Mn is in a +4 oxidation state. This is the material that stains one's skin when handling KMnO4. KMnO4 spontaneously reduced in an alkaline solution to green-coloured K2MnO4, wherein manganese is in the +6 oxidation state.

A curious reaction is produced by adding concentrated sulfuric acid to potassium permanganate. Although no reaction may be apparent, the vapor over the mixture will ignite paper impregnated with alcohol. Potassium permanganate and sulfuric acid react to produce some ozone, which has a high oxidising power and rapidly oxidises the alcohol, causing it to combust. An approximate equation for the ozone formation is shown below.

At room temperature

6 KMnO4(aq) + 9 H2SO4(aq) → 6 MnSO4(aq) + 3 K2SO4(aq) + 9 H2O(l) + 5 O3(g)

[edit] Biomedical uses

Dilute solutions are used as a treatment for canker sores (ulcers) (0.25%), disinfectant for the hands (about 1%) and treatment for mild pompholyx dermatitis or fungal infections of the hands or feet.

A dilute solution of acidified potassium permanganate is used in histology to bleach melanin which obscures tissue detail.

Potassium permanganate can be used to differentiate amyloid AA from other types of amyloid pathologically deposited in body tissues. Incubation of fixed tissue with potassium permanganate will prevent amyloid AA from staining with congo red whereas other types of amyloid are unaffected.[8][9]

[edit] Miscellaneous uses

A solution of KMnO4 in water, in a volumetric flaskAqueous solutions of KMnO4 have been used together with T-Stoff (i.e. 80 % hydrogen peroxide) as propellant for the rocket plane Messerschmitt Me 163. In this application, it was known as Z-Stoff. This combination of propellants is still used in torpedoes.

A dilute solution (10mg/l) of potassium permanganate can be used to eliminate snails from plants prior to placing them in a fresh-water aquarium.

High-grade potassium permanganate can be found at pool supply stores and is used in rural areas to remove iron and hydrogen sulfide (rotten egg smell) from well water.

KMnO4 is often included in survival kits along with either glycerine or a glucose tablet for the purposes of making fire. The glucose tablet can be ground up, mixed with the potassium permanganate and caused to combust by applying friction. It can also be mixed with anti-freeze from a vehicle to produce flame, although this can be dangerous and should be done in a controlled manner ie dipping some paper into the anti-freeze and then adding a small amount of potassium permanganate. The ability to sterilise water and wounds is another reason for inclusion in a survival kit.

KMnO4 is employed to treat some parasitic diseases of fish, in treatment of drinking water, as well as an antidote in phosphorus poisoning. In Africa, it has been used as a disinfectant for vegetables such as lettuce.

[edit] Hazards

Solid KMnO4 is a strong oxidizer and in general it should be kept separated from oxidisable substances. For more information consult an MSDS. Some reactions need a bit of a solvent; for example, a mixture of powdered potassium permanganate and powdered sugar will ignite (but not explode) a few seconds after a drop of water is added. [citation needed] Dilute aqueous solutions of KMnO4 are not dangerous. KMnO4 forms dangerous products upon contact with concentrated acids.

Potassium permanganate stains the hand and clothing (as it is reduced to MnO2) and should be handled with care. Clothing stains may be washed away using acetic acid. Skin stains disappear within 48 hours.

March 6, 2007

as long as its a mild pink its harmless.

Wouldn't really say it got rid of lice like far better just treating birds with a durimitex soultion or the proper powder or spray if you wanna do it by the book

pigeonscout · March 6, 2007

it is inflammable when mixed with suger/antifreeze but it will not mix like that if it is wet and it does not ignite by itself they have to be dry and mixed together and ignited. You have been watching too much Ray Mears or reading too much Andy Mcnab.

Just a few cystrals Paul enough to tun the water pink you want the water pink not purple. This stuff is a mild antisepic and can be used for water purification.

Potassium permanganate is the chemical compound KMnO4. In this salt, manganese is in the +7 oxidation state. The salt is also known as "permanganate of potash" and "Condy's crystals". The permanganate ion is a strong oxidizing agent. It dissolves in water to give deep purple solutions, evaporation of which gives prismatic purple-black glistening crystals.[1] It has a sweet taste and is odourless. [2]

Sodium permanganate has essentially the same properties and use as potassium permanganate and can be used as its direct substitute.

Contents [hide]
1 History
2 Uses
2.1 Chemical applications
2.2 As an oxidant in organic synthesis
2.3 Acids and KMnO4
2.4 Biomedical uses
2.5 Miscellaneous uses
3 Hazards
4 References
5 External links

[edit] History
In 1659 a German chemist, J.R. Glauber, fused a mixture of the mineral pyrolusite and potassium carbonate to obtain a material that, when dissolved in water, gave a green solution (potassium manganate) which slowly changed colour to violet (potassium permanganate) and then finally red. This report represents the first description of the production of potassium permanganate.

Just under two hundred years later London chemist Henry Bollmann Condy had an interest in disinfectants, and marketed several products including ozonised water. He found that fusing pyrolusite with NaOH and dissolved it in water produced a solution with disinfectant properties. He patented this solution, and marketed it as Condy's Fluid. Although effective, the solution was not very stable. This was overcome by using KOH rather than NaOH. This was more stable, and had the advantage of easy conversion to the equally effective potassium permanganate crystals. This crystalline material was known as Condy’s crystals or Condy’s powder. Potassium permanganate was comparatively easy to manufacture so Condy was subsequently forced to spend considerable time in litigation in order to stop competitors from marketing products similar to Condy's Fluid or Condy's Crystals.

Early photographers used it as a component of flash powder.

[edit] Uses

[edit] Chemical applications
Potassium permanganate is used as an oxidizing agent in diverse chemical reactions in the laboratory and in industry.[3] It also serves as a disinfectant and in deodorizers. It can be used as a reagent for the synthesis of many different kinds of chemical compounds. In wastewater treatment, it is used to neutralize hydrogen sulfide. In analytical chemistry, a standardized aqueous solution of KMnO4 is sometimes used as an oxidizing titrant for redox titrations due to its deep purple color. In a related way, it is used as a reagent to determine the Kappa number of wood pulp. Mixing potassium permanganate and formaldehyde forms a mild tear gas.

[edit] As an oxidant in organic synthesis
Dilute solutions of KMnO4 convert alkenes into diols (glycols). This behaviour is also used as a qualitative test for the presence of double or triple bonds in a molecule, since the reaction decolorizes the permanganate solution; thus it is sometimes referred to as Baeyer's reagent.

Concentrated solutions oxidize a methyl group on an aromatic ring, e.g. toluene to benzoic acid.

KMnO4 oxidizes pseudoephedrine hydrochloride to produce methcathinone, a Schedule I drug in the United States. Consequently the DEA has restricted its use and sale by classifying it as a List II controlled precursor. Potassium permanganate is listed as a Table I precursor under the United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances.[1]

KMnO4 is also used in removal of impurities from coca base in the production of cocaine. The purer base results in aesthetically pleasing white crystals. [4]

[edit] Acids and KMnO4
Diluted sulfuric acid reacts with KMnO4 to give Mn2O7, which can be explosive.[5][6][7]. Similarly concentrated hydrochloric acid gives chlorine. The Mn-containing products from redox reactions depend on the pH. Acidic solutions of permanganate are reduced to the faintly pink [Mn(H2O)6]2+. In neutral solution, permanganate is only reduced by 3e- to give MnO2, wherein Mn is in a +4 oxidation state. This is the material that stains one's skin when handling KMnO4. KMnO4 spontaneously reduced in an alkaline solution to green-coloured K2MnO4, wherein manganese is in the +6 oxidation state.

A curious reaction is produced by adding concentrated sulfuric acid to potassium permanganate. Although no reaction may be apparent, the vapor over the mixture will ignite paper impregnated with alcohol. Potassium permanganate and sulfuric acid react to produce some ozone, which has a high oxidising power and rapidly oxidises the alcohol, causing it to combust. An approximate equation for the ozone formation is shown below.

At room temperature
6 KMnO4(aq) + 9 H2SO4(aq) → 6 MnSO4(aq) + 3 K2SO4(aq) + 9 H2O(l) + 5 O3(g)

[edit] Biomedical uses
Dilute solutions are used as a treatment for canker sores (ulcers) (0.25%), disinfectant for the hands (about 1%) and treatment for mild pompholyx dermatitis or fungal infections of the hands or feet.
A dilute solution of acidified potassium permanganate is used in histology to bleach melanin which obscures tissue detail.
Potassium permanganate can be used to differentiate amyloid AA from other types of amyloid pathologically deposited in body tissues. Incubation of fixed tissue with potassium permanganate will prevent amyloid AA from staining with congo red whereas other types of amyloid are unaffected.[8][9]

[edit] Miscellaneous uses

A solution of KMnO4 in water, in a volumetric flaskAqueous solutions of KMnO4 have been used together with T-Stoff (i.e. 80 % hydrogen peroxide) as propellant for the rocket plane Messerschmitt Me 163. In this application, it was known as Z-Stoff. This combination of propellants is still used in torpedoes.
A dilute solution (10mg/l) of potassium permanganate can be used to eliminate snails from plants prior to placing them in a fresh-water aquarium.
High-grade potassium permanganate can be found at pool supply stores and is used in rural areas to remove iron and hydrogen sulfide (rotten egg smell) from well water.
KMnO4 is often included in survival kits along with either glycerine or a glucose tablet for the purposes of making fire. The glucose tablet can be ground up, mixed with the potassium permanganate and caused to combust by applying friction. It can also be mixed with anti-freeze from a vehicle to produce flame, although this can be dangerous and should be done in a controlled manner ie dipping some paper into the anti-freeze and then adding a small amount of potassium permanganate. The ability to sterilise water and wounds is another reason for inclusion in a survival kit.
KMnO4 is employed to treat some parasitic diseases of fish, in treatment of drinking water, as well as an antidote in phosphorus poisoning. In Africa, it has been used as a disinfectant for vegetables such as lettuce.

[edit] Hazards
Solid KMnO4 is a strong oxidizer and in general it should be kept separated from oxidisable substances. For more information consult an MSDS. Some reactions need a bit of a solvent; for example, a mixture of powdered potassium permanganate and powdered sugar will ignite (but not explode) a few seconds after a drop of water is added. [citation needed] Dilute aqueous solutions of KMnO4 are not dangerous. KMnO4 forms dangerous products upon contact with concentrated acids.

Potassium permanganate stains the hand and clothing (as it is reduced to MnO2) and should be handled with care. Clothing stains may be washed away using acetic acid. Skin stains disappear within 48 hours.

when mixed with sugar it needs to be ignited but it just only has to come into contact with antifreeze and it will ignite. As far as the fire balls all over the sky, I was making a joke because when mixed with sugar it is use to make fireworks. The point I was trying to make was why use something to kill lice if it does not kill them all?

pigeonpete · March 6, 2007

it is inflammable when mixed with suger/antifreeze but it will not mix like that if it is wet and it does not ignite by itself they have to be dry and mixed together and ignited. You have been watching too much Ray Mears or reading too much Andy Mcnab.

Just a few cystrals Paul enough to tun the water pink you want the water pink not purple. This stuff is a mild antisepic and can be used for water purification.

Potassium permanganate is the chemical compound KMnO4. In this salt, manganese is in the +7 oxidation state. The salt is also known as "permanganate of potash" and "Condy's crystals". The permanganate ion is a strong oxidizing agent. It dissolves in water to give deep purple solutions, evaporation of which gives prismatic purple-black glistening crystals.[1] It has a sweet taste and is odourless. [2]

Sodium permanganate has essentially the same properties and use as potassium permanganate and can be used as its direct substitute.

Contents [hide]
1 History
2 Uses
2.1 Chemical applications
2.2 As an oxidant in organic synthesis
2.3 Acids and KMnO4
2.4 Biomedical uses
2.5 Miscellaneous uses
3 Hazards
4 References
5 External links

[edit] History
In 1659 a German chemist, J.R. Glauber, fused a mixture of the mineral pyrolusite and potassium carbonate to obtain a material that, when dissolved in water, gave a green solution (potassium manganate) which slowly changed colour to violet (potassium permanganate) and then finally red. This report represents the first description of the production of potassium permanganate.

Just under two hundred years later London chemist Henry Bollmann Condy had an interest in disinfectants, and marketed several products including ozonised water. He found that fusing pyrolusite with NaOH and dissolved it in water produced a solution with disinfectant properties. He patented this solution, and marketed it as Condy's Fluid. Although effective, the solution was not very stable. This was overcome by using KOH rather than NaOH. This was more stable, and had the advantage of easy conversion to the equally effective potassium permanganate crystals. This crystalline material was known as Condy’s crystals or Condy’s powder. Potassium permanganate was comparatively easy to manufacture so Condy was subsequently forced to spend considerable time in litigation in order to stop competitors from marketing products similar to Condy's Fluid or Condy's Crystals.

Early photographers used it as a component of flash powder.

[edit] Uses

[edit] Chemical applications
Potassium permanganate is used as an oxidizing agent in diverse chemical reactions in the laboratory and in industry.[3] It also serves as a disinfectant and in deodorizers. It can be used as a reagent for the synthesis of many different kinds of chemical compounds. In wastewater treatment, it is used to neutralize hydrogen sulfide. In analytical chemistry, a standardized aqueous solution of KMnO4 is sometimes used as an oxidizing titrant for redox titrations due to its deep purple color. In a related way, it is used as a reagent to determine the Kappa number of wood pulp. Mixing potassium permanganate and formaldehyde forms a mild tear gas.

[edit] As an oxidant in organic synthesis
Dilute solutions of KMnO4 convert alkenes into diols (glycols). This behaviour is also used as a qualitative test for the presence of double or triple bonds in a molecule, since the reaction decolorizes the permanganate solution; thus it is sometimes referred to as Baeyer's reagent.

Concentrated solutions oxidize a methyl group on an aromatic ring, e.g. toluene to benzoic acid.

KMnO4 oxidizes pseudoephedrine hydrochloride to produce methcathinone, a Schedule I drug in the United States. Consequently the DEA has restricted its use and sale by classifying it as a List II controlled precursor. Potassium permanganate is listed as a Table I precursor under the United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances.[1]

KMnO4 is also used in removal of impurities from coca base in the production of cocaine. The purer base results in aesthetically pleasing white crystals. [4]

[edit] Acids and KMnO4
Diluted sulfuric acid reacts with KMnO4 to give Mn2O7, which can be explosive.[5][6][7]. Similarly concentrated hydrochloric acid gives chlorine. The Mn-containing products from redox reactions depend on the pH. Acidic solutions of permanganate are reduced to the faintly pink [Mn(H2O)6]2+. In neutral solution, permanganate is only reduced by 3e- to give MnO2, wherein Mn is in a +4 oxidation state. This is the material that stains one's skin when handling KMnO4. KMnO4 spontaneously reduced in an alkaline solution to green-coloured K2MnO4, wherein manganese is in the +6 oxidation state.

A curious reaction is produced by adding concentrated sulfuric acid to potassium permanganate. Although no reaction may be apparent, the vapor over the mixture will ignite paper impregnated with alcohol. Potassium permanganate and sulfuric acid react to produce some ozone, which has a high oxidising power and rapidly oxidises the alcohol, causing it to combust. An approximate equation for the ozone formation is shown below.

At room temperature
6 KMnO4(aq) + 9 H2SO4(aq) → 6 MnSO4(aq) + 3 K2SO4(aq) + 9 H2O(l) + 5 O3(g)

[edit] Biomedical uses
Dilute solutions are used as a treatment for canker sores (ulcers) (0.25%), disinfectant for the hands (about 1%) and treatment for mild pompholyx dermatitis or fungal infections of the hands or feet.
A dilute solution of acidified potassium permanganate is used in histology to bleach melanin which obscures tissue detail.
Potassium permanganate can be used to differentiate amyloid AA from other types of amyloid pathologically deposited in body tissues. Incubation of fixed tissue with potassium permanganate will prevent amyloid AA from staining with congo red whereas other types of amyloid are unaffected.[8][9]

[edit] Miscellaneous uses

A solution of KMnO4 in water, in a volumetric flaskAqueous solutions of KMnO4 have been used together with T-Stoff (i.e. 80 % hydrogen peroxide) as propellant for the rocket plane Messerschmitt Me 163. In this application, it was known as Z-Stoff. This combination of propellants is still used in torpedoes.
A dilute solution (10mg/l) of potassium permanganate can be used to eliminate snails from plants prior to placing them in a fresh-water aquarium.
High-grade potassium permanganate can be found at pool supply stores and is used in rural areas to remove iron and hydrogen sulfide (rotten egg smell) from well water.
KMnO4 is often included in survival kits along with either glycerine or a glucose tablet for the purposes of making fire. The glucose tablet can be ground up, mixed with the potassium permanganate and caused to combust by applying friction. It can also be mixed with anti-freeze from a vehicle to produce flame, although this can be dangerous and should be done in a controlled manner ie dipping some paper into the anti-freeze and then adding a small amount of potassium permanganate. The ability to sterilise water and wounds is another reason for inclusion in a survival kit.
KMnO4 is employed to treat some parasitic diseases of fish, in treatment of drinking water, as well as an antidote in phosphorus poisoning. In Africa, it has been used as a disinfectant for vegetables such as lettuce.

[edit] Hazards
Solid KMnO4 is a strong oxidizer and in general it should be kept separated from oxidisable substances. For more information consult an MSDS. Some reactions need a bit of a solvent; for example, a mixture of powdered potassium permanganate and powdered sugar will ignite (but not explode) a few seconds after a drop of water is added. [citation needed] Dilute aqueous solutions of KMnO4 are not dangerous. KMnO4 forms dangerous products upon contact with concentrated acids.

Potassium permanganate stains the hand and clothing (as it is reduced to MnO2) and should be handled with care. Clothing stains may be washed away using acetic acid. Skin stains disappear within 48 hours.

thats a good school you went to paul mate!! lol ;D ;D

March 7, 2007

I remember when I was young someone whants to kill (fumugate) whatever was there after clearing a chicken house they used potassium permanganate.put it in the middle of the room and throw on it some kind of acid,cant remember what type,leave the room closed for 2 days and all that was in it has to be swipe out.